Cairo
Cairo, located on the banks of the Nile River, is the capital of Egypt and its most important city, with a total population of 9.54 millions. It stands as an incomparable tourist destination that captivates travelers from all over the world. It has a rich ancient history, impressive architecture and fascinating culture. This combination allows this city to offer a unique experience that combines the ancient with the modern, allowing you to enjoy the most visited Pharaonic museums and monuments. However, it might be worth mentioning that Cairo also boots a high poverty rate, which poses significant social challenges, noticeable when you walk around the city. Despite its vibrant cultural tapestry and historical significance, the disparity between wealth and poverty underscores the complexity of life in Cairo.
Millennium History and Culture
Cairo offers a combination of ancient sites full of history and art. One of its main attractions are the legendary pyramids of Giza, with the Great Pyramid of Khufu being one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Additionally, just southwest of Cairo lies the ancient necropolis of Saqqara, renowned for its Step Pyramid, which is considered the oldest stone pyramid in Egypt, dating back to the 27th century BCE. Moreover, the enigmatic Sphinx, guarding the plateau of Giza with its lion’s body and human head, adds to the allure of Cairo’s historical landscape
On the other hand, Cairo also has the Tutankhamun’s treasure and other Pharaonic artifacts, thanks to its Egyptian Museum. Visitors will also be able to wander the streets of the Coptic quarter to discover ancient churches and enjoy the mystical atmosphere of the Saladin Citadel and the Alabaster Mosque.
Things to do in Cairo
The pyramids of Gyza and The Sphinx
Both the Pyramids of Giza and the Great Sphinx of Egypt are iconic monuments that represent the grandeur and mystery of ancient Egypt. The monumental tombs of the pyramids reflect the pharaohs’ belief in life after death. The Great Pyramid of Cheops, also called the Great Pyramids or the pyramid of Cheops, is the tallest and most monumental. It originally rises 147 meters above the plateau and is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Later you can visit The Great Sphinx of Giza, a monumental sculpture with the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh, believed to have been created around 2500 BC. Of course it was as part of the funerary complex of Khafre, the builder of the second pyramid, to protect his tomb. Both are located on the outskirts of Cairo.
The Saqqara Pyramids
The Saqqara Pyramids in Egypt are an impressive set of funerary structures dating back to around 2600 BC, highlighting the famous Step Pyramid of Djoser. In addition to being considered the first monumental stone construction of humanity. Consequently, these pyramids represent an evolution in funerary architectural design. In fact, they are the first pyramids known in history that show the architectural diversity and richness of the time. The Saqqara Pyramids are a must-see destination for those seeking to marvel at the grandeur and historical legacy of this fascinating civilization.
The Egyptian Museum
Located in the heart of the city, The Egyptian Museum of Cairo is a treasure that houses the largest collection of Ancient Egypt in the world. With more than 100,000 pieces ranging from the Old Kingdom to the Roman period. This museum is a fascinating journey through more than three thousand years of Egyptian history. First of all, the Treasure of Tutankhamun stands out, with sarcophagi and golden funerary masks. Continuing with the room of mummies that houses the mummified remains of important pharaohs. Furthermore, the Grand Egyptian Museum was built to complement this incredible collection and therefore become the largest archaeological museum in the world. A must-visit destination for history and archeology lovers who want to immerse themselves in the grandeur of ancient Egypt.
Salah el din/ Cairo Citadel
The Saladin Citadel in Cairo is a medieval Islamic fortress built between 1176 and 1183 by Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi to protect the city from European attacks. Located high in the Muqattam Hills, it offers panoramic and unobstructed views of Cairo. The citadel has been the seat of the king and his government in Egypt for several centuries. In fact, it housed Ayyubids, Mamluks, Ottomans and some other rulers. In addition to the fortress, the citadel houses the Muhammad Ali Mosque, the National Military Museum and other important monuments. A popular tourist attraction in Cairo.
Khan el-Khalili Bazaar
Discover the wide variety of products found in the Khan el-Khalili Bazaar in Cairo. Spices, gold, silver, fabrics, traditional costumes, vessels, papyrus rolls, carpets and souvenirs are just some of the items you can get here. This bazaar is an iconic site dating back to 1382, when the Emir Dyaharks el-Jalili built a large caravanserai for merchants. With around 900 stalls, this souk offers a unique experience. In addition, it has traditional cafes such as El Fishawi, open since 1769 and famous for its tea and shisha.
Mosque of Amr Ibn al-As
Located in Cairo, the Amr Ibn al-As Mosque is a historical site of great importance. Built in 642 AD, it is the first mosque erected in Egypt and one of the oldest in the Islamic world. Therefore, this mosque, named after General Amr Ibn al-As, is a testimony to the rich Islamic history of the region. In addition, it houses a tomb of the son of Amr Ibn al-As and features ancient architectural elements that increase its historical value. Its location in a corner of Old Cairo makes it a must-see attraction for those who want to explore Egypt’s cultural and historical heritage.
Coptic Cairo
Coptic refers to the Orthodox Christian community, therefore Coptic Cairo is a historical enclave that houses a rich concentration of Christian monuments. In fact, it includes the Ben Ezra Jewish synagogue and the remains of the ancient fortress known as Babylon. Followed by the famous Hanging Church and a unique museum. This is why Coptic is dedicated to this almost extinct culture. The cave church is also one of its highlights as it is the oldest church in Coptic Cairo. In fact, it is believed to be the place where the holy family rested at the end of their journey through Egypt.
The national Museum of Egyptian Civilization
Located in Cairo, the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization covers the history of Egypt from predynastic times to contemporary times. With more than 50,000 pieces in its collection, the museum was inaugurated in 2017. Therefore, it houses a diverse collection from the Pharaonic, Roman, Coptic and Arabic periods. Visit the rooms dedicated to the royal mummies that paraded through Cairo in 2021, displaying figures such as Ramses II and Hatshepsut.
Royal Perfumes and Oils
St MISR، 3 Nasr Awad، EL KADIMA, Old Cairo, Egypt
With a wide variety of products such as perfumes, oils and other traditional items, Royal Perfumes and Oils offers an authentic Egyptian experience. The establishment is characterized by giving visitors the opportunity to explore and acquire exclusive fragrances from the region. However, not always included on tours, this was the highlight of my trip. The quality of the perfumes is outstanding and they offer a wide variety.
Are you ready to start discovering Egypt?
I decided to book a couple tours when I went to Egypt and had a blast! I’m leaving the link to the tour below in case you are interested!
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